Irish Study Proposes Link Between Low Folic Acid and Cleft Lip and Palate (CLP)
A study is currently underway at the Trinity College, Dublin, named “The Growing in Ireland” and is supported by the Economic and Social Research Institute (ESRI). The study aims to use data from 11,000 infants to firmly establish low folic acid as a cause of cleft lip and palate (CLP).
Previously, the Cochrane Review has showed a potential link with the development of CLP and low folic acid in the body. However, these studies lacked sufficient evidence due to insufficient participants. Links between folic acid and spina bifida development exist, however the link with CLP is not yet confirmed and this is what the Irish study hopes to achieve.
CLP develops during early pregnancy when the lip and/or palate of the infant form abnormally. CLP affects communication, eating capability, ear health, facial appearance, and oral health as the child develops into adulthood. Those with CLP typically suffer dental problems and therefore dentists form part of the specialist treatment team.
Typical dental problems caused by CLP include higher risk of cavities, orthodontic conditions such as malocclusion, dental rotation due to irregularly formed alveolar bone, and non-development of the alveolar ridge and permanent teeth. Plastic and oral surgery may be required and this also includes orthodontic care.
Research already reveals an increase in CLP cases where pregnant women use medications for anti-epilepsy, acne, psoriasis and arthritis. Information gained from the study may be useful to researchers evaluating risks of such folic acid-reducing medications, particularly in pregnant women.
The study aims to increase awareness and stimulate discussion among general and public health practitioners, including dentists, for improving patient care.
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