Base

A base is a cement-like substance used to insulate a filling or crown in order to reduce sensitivity to hot and cold sensations. Bases also serve as a layer of extra protection and therefore reduce the possibility of damage to the affected tooth. Bases are usually poured into the cavity as a liquid and then set to form a hard, solid mass. There are several types of base, each with their own advantages and disadvantages; their effectiveness in a given situation can be determined by consideration of various factors including sealing ability, density and consistency in terms of the ratio of base powder to water, degree of conductivity with regard to electricity and thermal energy, safety implications, thickness and bonding strength.

Bases should not be used if they are found to contain elements which may display carcinogenic, irritating or toxic properties. Dental bases are categorised as either class 1 or class 2 depending on their components; class 1 is made up of zinc oxide-eugenol while class 2 is composed of various elements aside from zinc oxide-eugenol. Class 1 bases are primarily used as temporary fillers or as a temporary filling in order to attach a crown or bridge.

Class 2 bases

Class 2 bases, such as glass ionmers, are usually used to line crowns or bridges; these have strong bonding capabilities but wear down fairly quickly if applied to teeth used for chewing. Other class 2 bases, such as resin-based substances are advantageous because they match the colour of the existing tooth and are therefore not very visible; they are also harder and more durable than the glass ionmers. Dentists use intense blue light to set the resin-based cements further increasing their strength and durability.

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